While lung cancer is well established as being strongly associated with smoking, this paper demonstrates the diverse factors that can contribute to lung cancer other than smoking. It considers the evidence to explore the reasons why Asian women in particular are developing lung cancer at increasing rates, despite qualifying as never-smokers.

Lung cancer in never-smokers has become an escalating global crisis, accounting for 10–25 % of all lung cancer cases. This article considers a refined form of treatment by comparing, analysing and evaluating data from major lung cancer studies and highlighting the lack of inclusion of patients most at risk.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, yet it is now understood to be a complex and biologically diverse disease rather than one driven solely by tobacco use. This article considers the importance of equitable access to diagnostics, treatment and environmental risk reduction in improving patient outcomes.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising clinical tool in oncology, though its maturity and applicability differ substantially between diseases. This review explores the differences and similarities in AI applications for breast cancer and brain cancer diagnosis and treatment.

This article provides an overview for primary cardiac sarcoma in regards to diagnostics, treatments and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a possible tool. It argues that AI can be utilised to aid with individualised treatment, ultimately improving prognosis and patient outcomes.