This paper investigates whether the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT) has become an obstacle to climate justice amid the global move away from fossil fuels. By analysing treaty provisions and arbitration cases, including Vattenfall v Germany and Rockhopper v Italy, this paper demonstrates how the ECT can expose states to significant financial liabilities when implementing environmental policies.

This study explores why US investors still choose to allocate funds to fossil fuel assets. It focuses on analysing the economic drivers, psychological factors and institutional barriers that drive this decision.

This article aims to analyse the relationship between Environmental, Social and Governance ratings and financial performance for firms in emerging markets. Using a quantitative approach, the paper assesses the influence that both ESG composite and pillar scores have on accounting-based measures and market-based measures.

This paper examines how neurodiversity, brain growth and personality relate. It argues for the integration of neuroscience with personal theory for a strengthened, neurodiverse-informed framework.

While lung cancer is well established as being strongly associated with smoking, this paper demonstrates the diverse factors that can contribute to lung cancer other than smoking. It considers the evidence to explore the reasons why Asian women in particular are developing lung cancer at increasing rates, despite qualifying as never-smokers.